Planer head



c. MoREY 2,624,244

PLANER HEAD 5 Sheets-Sheet l Jan. 6, 1953 Filed March 12, 1945 Jan. 6, 1953 C. MOREY PLANER HEAD 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March l2, 1945 l Jan. 6, 1953 C. MCREY PLANER HEAD Filed March l2, 1945 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Jan. 6, 1953 vc.. MoREY 2,624,244

PLANER HEAD Filed Maron 12, 1945 5 sheets-sheet 4 r pill/[11111;

v lzvenzlor Gag?, M0713] 2M h/warl C MOREY PLANER HEAD v Jan. 6, 1953 med uarn .12, 194s 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Qn as y .head involving Patented Jan. 6, 1953 UN ITE-D STATES 'PAT ENT Q FF i CE 2,624,244

PLANER lHEAD (Earl'lJIorey,lzlairiilton, Ohio, assignor, by .mesne assignments, to Clearing Machine Corporation, a corporation of Illinois Application March 12, 1945, Serial No..582,337

(Cl. till-53) 7 Claims.

Thisinvention relates to ahead for planers, a term which is used broadly to .include any metal working machine and concerns itself primarily with means for elevating or lowering one ormore tool holders and applying hydraulic or fluid-.pressure to vital parts for rmly maintain- .ing the -same in rigid position and with means for controlling the elevating and fluid pressure means during the operation ofthe machine, to which the invention maybe applied.

The planer head may contain one or two cutting tools; -two .cutting'tools .being desirable for cutting `upon both strokes .of the machine and such .a double tool Vblock head has beenillustrated.

.In ,cuttingn both directions, there is always .astrong `force acting against .the cutting tools whichmust be rigidly `maintained in position during thecutting strokes. This invention provides means forrigidly clamping all vital members to eliminate all operating clearances and to `withstand the cutting force during cutting strokes.

The invention comprisesthe novel structure and combination .of parts hereinafter described and. more particularly pointedout and dened in the appended claims.

lIn .the .accompanying drawings which .illustrate 'a prelerredpform of this invention, and in whichsirnilar 'reference'numerals refer to similar parts in the different Aviews 'Fig-l is a .side elevationalview ofa planer this invention with parts in sectlOn;

Fig. 2 is a front elevational head;

fFig. 3 is atop plan view of theplaner head;

Fig. 4 is a sectional viewtaken upon the line 4-4 of Fig. 1 looking in the `direction of the view of the planer arrows Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken'upon the line -ofFig V1 looking inthe direction of the arrows;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged sectional View taken'upon -the'line 6-46 of Fig. 32 looking in the direction of the arrows;

tion.

Inrreferring now to the Vdrawings which'illus- :trate `a .chosen .embodiment .of this invention, :there .is shown `a planer head :which 4may be :at-

planer.

hand operated means as is .flange 22o on the slide, notched in their `forward 2 tached to avmetal cutting machine known as a planer or may be adapted to any conventional As a matter of illustration, there is shown a cross rail 9 which may be considered a part of any'planer. A saddle I0 is-secured in any suitable manner to the cross rail 9.

A swivel block Il best shown in Fig. 5.is provided with a laterally projecting neck portion Ila which ,extends vthrough a cylindrical aperture -I2 in the saddle. A collar I3 is secured around `the outer-part of the neck, and this collar nts in a rabbet I4 formed in theadjacent face of the saddle adjacentlsaid opening. It will be noted that there is a space yI5 between the collar I4 .andthe .opposite lace of the rabbet in the'saddle for the admission of oil or nuidthrough a passage I6 in the saddle to which la fluid supply pipe I1 leads. Thus, fluid pressure applied totheinner lace `of the collar will tend to draw the swivel toward the saddle and firmly clamp the main part of such swivelagainst the saddle.

With the exception as noted, the .swivel may be of conventional design locked in position by a clamping bolt .I8 .which has a head I8a mov- .able in an arcuate groove I9 .inthe saddle which yis provided with an arcuate calibrated portion 2c (Fg.,2).

Theouter face .of the swivel is .provided with a guide way ZI (Fig. 5) for Lthe tool slide 22 -which is provided with a'head.22a having conical side anges 22band22c which'fit in under cut portions of the guide way. rThis slide may be regulated with respect to the work by the usual system of power gearing `23, 24, 25 and '-25, or by well known.

Fluid operated means has been provided for locking the slide rigidly in position during the cutting stroke. In the illustrated embodiment of this invention, this fluid operated means is shown as vbeing in the form of fluid operated pistons 21 one of which is shown indetail in Fig. '7, and the other in dotted lines in Fig. 3. These fluid operated pistons are shown as engaging the and asbeing suitably ends as indicated at 28 to fit theflange. The pistons are mounted in suitablefluid chambers 29 rformed in the swivel II and which Aare closed at their outer ends by screw plugs 3Q. Acoil spring 3l is `positioned between the rear end of -eachpiston and plug :30; the spring being preferablym'ounted on a suitable movement tothe piston. The springs in the aperture 4| 34 to a point slightly serve to press the pistons against the flange 22h. The chambers 29 are adapted to be supplied with fluid under pressure through uid inlet pipes 32 during the cutting strokes as will later more fully appear.

It will be noted, especially in Fig. 5, that the tool slide is a bifurcated member comprising two spaced walls 33 and 34 between which two tool holding blocks or tool holders 35 are mounted side by side for alternate up and down movement. These tool holders extend vertically, one directly behind the other when viewed from the front of the machine. The tool holders 35 carry tools 36 at their lower ends with the cutting edges facing in opposite directions for cutting in both directions of movement of the work. The bifurcation is closed by a plate or member 22d bolted to the ends of the walls 33 and 34.

Mechanism has been provided for automatically raising one tool holder and lowering the other at the end of a stroke. This mechanism in addition to a fluid or hydraulic system includes mechanical elements associated with the tool holders which Will now be described. Rabbets 31 lare formed -in the adjacent faces of the tool blocks 35 intermediate the ends thereof. Opposed rack plates 38 are secured to the blocks 35 in the rabbets and these rack plates 38 engage a gear 4or cog wheel 39 formed or applied upon the end portion of a shaft 45 extending through the wall 34 of the tool slide which is provided with a suitable opening 4| for this purpose.

The shaft 40 is suitably journalled in a tool block clamp piston 42 surrounding the shaft within the wall 34 of the tool slide. This piston 42 is mounted for slight longitudinal movement upon the shaft through nuid pressure applied to its outer face. The piston 42 has an annular rabbet 43 adjacent its outer end. An apertured plate 44 attached to the outer face of the tool slide surrounds the reduced portion or hub of the piston 42 and is provided with a boss 42a extending into the aperture in the wall spaced from the main portion of the piston to provide a fluid space or `chamber 42h between such boss and the main part of the piston. A uid pipe or hose 45 is connected with the plate 44 and a iiuid passage 46 extends-from the pipe 45 through the boss 42a of plate 44 to the iiuid chamber 42h.

An apertured plate 41 surrounds the shaft 49 and is secured against the outer face of the plate 44. The shaft 40 is reduced beyond the plate 41 and extends into a bearing 48 carried by an end plate 49 spaced from the plate 41. A paddle motor generally denoted by the reference 50 is mounted upon the shaft 49 -between the plates 41 and 49 for operating shaft 49 as will later more fully appear. Screw bolts extend through plate 49, the stationary cylinder 50a of the paddle motor, the plates 41 and 44, and into the tool slide for securing these parts in place.

The paddle motor in addition to the stationary cylinder 50a involves a rotor 50h (Fig. 6) keyed upon the shaft 40 and a paddle 52 secured upon the rotor and engaging the inner surface of the cylinder 50a. There is an annular space 53 between the rotor and cylinder which is lobstructed fora distance by an -arcuate ller .block 54 located between the uid linlets 55 and 56 4to said space. Fluid Yacting first on one side of the paddle, and then upon the other side will cause the required oscillation of shaft 40 for operating the tool holders as will later more fully appear.

With reference to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, it will be circuit through one noted that the tool holders or blocks 35 extend considerably above the tool slide. Each tool block 35 has fixed to its upper end an arm 51 which carries an adjustable stop screw 53 held in place by a lock nut 59 and which is adapted for engaging a hardened steel button 60 upon the top of the tool slide to register the tool in propel' position for `its cutting stroke.

In Fig. 8, there is shown a hydraulic or iiuid pressure system for operating the paddle motor and the different clamping cylinders and parts. In this system, there is an oil or iiuid tank 5| which is connected by a fluid feed pipe 62 to a power pump 63 which discharges through a pipe 64 leading to a reversing valve 65. The discharge pipe 64 is connected by a return pipe 66 to the tank '6|. A relief valve v61 in the pipe 66 protects the pump against overload as is well known.

The reversing valve 65 is connected by a fluid flow -pipe 68 with the nuid inlet 55 of the paddle motor and is connected by pipes 69 and 10 with the fluid inlet 56 of the paddle motor. In practice, the pipes may consist of nexible hose.

The reversing valve consists of a cylinder 1| containing two valve heads 12 and 13 fastened upon a rod 14 'slidably extending through the cylinder or valve housing. The rod 14 is adapted to be alternately shifted in opposite directions by electric means which may be in the form of solenoids 15 and 16 surrounding the extended end portions of the valve rod, 14. The solenoid 15 is connected at one end by a conductor 11 and 18 with a source of energy, and is connected at its other end by a conductor 19 with a trip orisnap switch '80.

The solenoid 16 is connected at one end by a conductor 8| with theswitch 80 and is connected at its other end by means of a conductor 82 with the conductor 18 which extends to the source of energy. The switch 86 is connected bya conductor83 with the said source of energy.

The movable switch members which may be of suitable arcuate parts to form the desired connections Vbetweenthe contact points may be provided with two trip arms 84 and 85 which are adapted to be tripped by lugs 86 and 81, pivoted to the work table; a pinV 88 projects from the work table against the left hand side of lug 86 while a pin 89 projects from said table against the right hand side of lug 81. With this construction, the lug 86- will trip the switch when moving toward the right and will ride thereover when moving to the left, while the lug 81 will function vice versa. The switch is so constructed that when either of the lugs trips the switch the solenoid is completed, and the circuit through the other solenoid is broken in. the manner of a two way switch.

The fluid system is so arranged that fluid pressure is applied to the swivel clamp, the tool block cylinder and the tool slide cylinders during both the forward and rearward cutting strokes. To this end, there extends a uid flow pipe 90 from the pipe '68 that connects with a sequence or check valve 9| and which in turn is connected by the pipes '92 and 93 with the swivel clamp 94 by pipe 95, with the tool block clamp cylinder 96 by a short pipe 91 and with the tool slide clamp -cylinder 21 by the pipes 98. The pipe 69 extends to a sequence or check valve 99 which is connected through pipe |69 with the :feed pipe 93. The check valves 9| and 99 including their springs are of suicient resistance to prevent their being opened by the actuating pressure required to -acriegos-13am tuatev the paddle motor. However, when -'-thetcxol blocks-have `been-actuate'd-by the paddlemotor, the fluid pressure will build upto a point-Where valve`9| or 99 will be openedto'allow theLfl-uid to apply the clamping pistons.

The pipe 93 is` connected-with a pipe-Lorhose that 'extends into tthe `l`fluid "tank 6| 4for-'returning 'excess fluid-thereto. This pipe *.l-lll includesa choke coil I 02'which permits a restricted Vflow of voil to the tankr-BI-du-ring the-time-that the 'various -clamps are vv'functioning and presksure'is maintained -in the line -93 through-the resistance ofthe choke coil,zvvhichA may be similar to a capillary tube, but of considerable length to offer'proper resistance.

The ends of 'the' reversingvalve are respectively connected by pipes |03 and |04 with a pipe |05 leading to the reservoir tank 6| for the escape of air and any fluid that may seep past the valve heads 12 and 13.

In use, the fluid system pump 63 will be in continuous operation and, with the parts in the positions shown in Fig. 8, will force uid through pipe 64, reversing valve 65 and pipe 63 to the left hand side of the paddle motor; the paddle 52 being shown moved to the left; fluid will also pass through pipe 90, valve 9| and pipe 93 to the various clamping pistons 94, 96 and 21 for causing their clamping action after the paddle motor has been actuated. Of course, at this time, one tool will be in cutting position while the other will be in elevated position.

In Fig. 8, the lug 86 on the work table is shown nearing switch arm 84. When the switch is tripped by lug 86, solenoid 15 will become deenergized through the breaking of its circuit while the circuit to solenoid 16 will be energized through the closing of its circuit and draw valve rod 14 to the right for shutting olf the flow of oil or fluid through pipe 69 and establishing the flow through pipe 69 and 10 to the right side of the motor for moving the paddle 52 to the left for rotating shaft 40 a small amount, an operation which will elevate the tool that has just been cutting and lower the idle tool to operative or cutting position. In this position of the reversing valve, fluid will also pass through sequence valve 99, pipe |00 and pipe 93 to the various clamping pistons 94, 96 and 21 for causing their clamping action after the paddle motor has been actuated; a restricted iiow through the choke coil to the tank 6| taking place.

It will be appreciated that in adjusting the planer head, it may be necessary to have the uid pipes exible and extensible such as conventional hose. The term pipe or pipes is hence broadly used to include hose and such.

In use, the choke coil |02 is designed to offer resistance to the ow of fluid, so as to maintain pressure on the swivel clamp cylinder, tool blocks clamp cylinder and tool slide clamp cylinder and to also release pressure on these elements when the paddle motor is carrying out its function, and the sequence valves 9| and 99 are inoperative. It will be noted that these sequence valves remain inoperative until the paddle motor has completed its stroke.

Various important advantages arise from the use of this invention in that the cutting tools are automatically controlled thru hydraulic or uid pressure which is utilized in connection with clamping means to firmly anchor the swivel block, the tool slide and the tool blocks in rigid positions during the cutting strokes. This will tend Vto insure `more Naccurate and lbetter work :and

prolong-thallia of the machine.

lI am Vaware that f many changes 'may 'be made and various details of construction varied vwithout departing from the principles of this yinvention, vso I do not propose limiting the patent granted thereon otherwise than necessitated by the appended claims.

' Iclaim. as my invention:

l. In a planer, a swivel block:.having a guide way, a tool slide slidably mounted in said guide way, a fluid actuated piston mounted in said swivel block adjacent saidguide way and having engagement with rsaid tool slide for clamping relation` therewith, and means for supplying iiuid under pressure to said piston.

2. In a planer, a saddle having an aperture, a swivel block having a neck portion extending into said aperture, said saddle having a rabbet surrounding said aperture, a nut secured to the end of said neck and seated in said rabbet, there being a fluid space between said nut and saddle and means for supplying fluid under pressure to said space for against said saddle for the purpose set forth.

3. In a planer, a tool slide having a vertical guide way, a pair of tool holders mounted side by side in said guide way, a driving shaft journalled in said tool slide and having a geared relation with both of said tool holders for elevating one while lowering the other, a piston slidably mounted upon said shaft for clamping relation with both tool holders and means for supplying fluid under pressure to said piston under predetermined conditions.

4. In a planer, a tool slide having a vertical guide way, a tool holder slidably mounted in said guide way, a paddle motor mounted in said slide and having a shaft geared to said tool holder for raising and lowering the same, a clamping piston mounted in said tool slide for engaging said tool holder, a fluid pressure system for supplying uid to said motor, said system having an auxiliary circuit communicating with said piston for supplying fluid to said piston when said tool holder is in operative position.

5. In a planer, a tool slide having a guide way, a tool holder slidably mounted in said guide way, a fluid motor mounted in said tool slide and having a shaft geared to said tool holder, a fluid actuated clamping member slidably mounted upon said shaft for engaging said tool holder and a fluid pressure system having a circuit connected to said motor and an auxiliary circuit communicating with said clamping member for applying fluid pressure to said clamping member when said tool member is in operative position.

6. In a planer, a saddle, a swivel block connected to said saddle, means for adjusting said block with respect to said saddle, means forming a uid chamber between parts of said saddle and parts of said swivel block and a fluid pressure system having a flow connection with said chamber for supplying flui-d to the same and drawing said swivel block tightly against said saddle for the purpose set forth.

'1. In a planer, a tool slide having a vertical guide way, a tool holder slidably mounted in said guide way with its ends projecting beyond said slide, an oscillatable shaft having a geared relation with said tool holder for raising and lowering the same, co-acting means between the upper end of said tool holder and said slide for arresting said holder in operative position, a clamping piston mounted in said slide and engaging drawing said swivel block tightly CARL MOREY.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number 15 Number Name Date Strehlau Jan. 17, 1905 Schellenbach July 3, 1917 Trosch Mar. 4, 1924 Mesker May 26, 1931 Blood et al. Aug. 29, 1933 West et al. June 18, 1935 Curtis May 17, 1938 Gallmore July 29, 1941 4Groene Oct. 27, 1942 Ward et al. July 6, 1943 Ransome Aug. 15, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Great Britain of 1839 

